如何在 Selenium 中识别 ALTCHA，不用拦截网络请求

# pip install selenium capskip
pip install selenium capskip

# pip install selenium capskip
from urllib.parse import urljoin
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

PAGE_URL = "https://example.com/signup"

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(PAGE_URL)

# Nothing auto-waits in Selenium, so wait for the element.
widget = WebDriverWait(driver, 15).until(
    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "altcha-widget"))
)

# v1 and v2 use challengeurl or challengejson; v3 uses challenge.
value = (widget.get_dom_attribute("challengeurl")
         or widget.get_dom_attribute("challengejson")
         or widget.get_dom_attribute("challenge"))
if value is None:
    raise SystemExit("no challenge attribute on the widget")

import json

challenge, endpoint = None, None
if value.lstrip().startswith("{"):
    # challengejson, or a v3 challenge holding the data inline.
    challenge = json.loads(value)
else:
    # A path in the markup becomes an absolute URL here.
    endpoint = urljoin(PAGE_URL, value)

import requests

if endpoint:
    session = requests.Session()
    for cookie in driver.get_cookies():
        session.cookies.set(cookie["name"], cookie["value"],
                            domain=cookie["domain"])
    session.headers["User-Agent"] = driver.execute_script(
        "return navigator.userAgent")

    # Referer matters on sites that check where the ask came from.
    challenge = session.get(endpoint,
                            headers={"Referer": PAGE_URL}).json()

from capskip import CapSkip

solver = CapSkip(host="127.0.0.1", port=8080)

# The document from step 2, so nothing is fetched twice.
result = solver.altcha(url=PAGE_URL, challenge_json=challenge)

# Or hand over the endpoint and let CapSkip fetch it.
# result = solver.altcha(url=PAGE_URL, challenge_url=endpoint)

print(result["token"])    # base64 payload for the form field
print(result["number"])   # the counter that satisfied it

SET_FIELD = """
const form = arguments[0].form || document.querySelector('form');
let field = form.querySelector('[name="' + arguments[1] + '"]');
if (!field) {
    field = document.createElement('input');
    field.type = 'hidden';
    field.name = arguments[1];
    form.appendChild(field);
}
field.value = arguments[2];
"""

button = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type=submit]")
field_name = widget.get_dom_attribute("name") or "altcha"

driver.execute_script(SET_FIELD, button, field_name, result["token"])
button.click()

import json, os, requests
from urllib.parse import urljoin
from capskip import CapSkip, ApiException, NetworkException, TimeoutException
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

PAGE_URL = "https://example.com/signup"

SET_FIELD = """
const form = arguments[0].form || document.querySelector('form');
let field = form.querySelector('[name="' + arguments[1] + '"]');
if (!field) {
    field = document.createElement('input');
    field.type = 'hidden';
    field.name = arguments[1];
    form.appendChild(field);
}
field.value = arguments[2];
"""

solver = CapSkip(
    host=os.environ.get("CAPSKIP_HOST", "127.0.0.1"),
    port=int(os.environ.get("CAPSKIP_PORT", 8080)),
)

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
    driver.get(PAGE_URL)
    widget = WebDriverWait(driver, 15).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "altcha-widget"))
    )
    value = (widget.get_dom_attribute("challengeurl")
             or widget.get_dom_attribute("challengejson")
             or widget.get_dom_attribute("challenge"))
    if value is None:
        raise SystemExit("no challenge attribute on the widget")

    if value.lstrip().startswith("{"):
        challenge = json.loads(value)
    else:
        endpoint = urljoin(PAGE_URL, value)
        session = requests.Session()
        for cookie in driver.get_cookies():
            session.cookies.set(cookie["name"], cookie["value"],
                                domain=cookie["domain"])
        session.headers["User-Agent"] = driver.execute_script(
            "return navigator.userAgent")
        challenge = session.get(endpoint,
                                headers={"Referer": PAGE_URL}).json()

    try:
        result = solver.altcha(url=PAGE_URL, challenge_json=challenge)
    except ApiException:
        raise SystemExit("refused: Argon2id, scrypt, or an expired challenge")
    except NetworkException:
        raise SystemExit("solver unreachable: check host and connection mode")
    except TimeoutException:
        raise SystemExit("no answer inside defaultTimeout")

    button = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button[type=submit]")
    field_name = widget.get_dom_attribute("name") or "altcha"
    driver.find_element(By.NAME, "email").send_keys("[email protected]")
    driver.execute_script(SET_FIELD, button, field_name, result["token"])
    button.click()
finally:
    driver.quit()