如何在 Symfony Messenger worker 中识别验证码（PHP）

# PowerShell, with PHP 8.4 first on the PATH
composer create-project symfony/skeleton cs-worker
cd cs-worker
composer require symfony/messenger symfony/doctrine-messenger doctrine/doctrine-bundle symfony/http-client capskip/capskip --no-scripts
Remove-Item config\packages\doctrine.yaml, config\packages\messenger.yaml

MESSENGER_TRANSPORT_DSN=doctrine://default
DATABASE_URL="sqlite:///%kernel.project_dir%/var/data.db"
CAPSKIP_HOST=127.0.0.1
CAPSKIP_PORT=8080
CAPSKIP_API_KEY=YOUR_API_KEY
SITE_PASSWORD=YOUR_PASSWORD

<?php
// config/packages/doctrine.php (replaces the recipe's doctrine.yaml, which asks for doctrine/orm)
namespace Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Loader\Configurator;

return App::config([
    'doctrine' => [
        'dbal' => ['url' => '%env(resolve:DATABASE_URL)%'],
    ],
]);

<?php
// config/packages/messenger.php (replaces the recipe's messenger.yaml)
namespace Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Loader\Configurator;

return App::config([
    'framework' => [
        'messenger' => [
            'failure_transport' => 'failed',
            'transports' => [
                'async' => [
                    'dsn' => '%env(MESSENGER_TRANSPORT_DSN)%',
                    // Longer than the slowest handler, or a second worker takes the message over.
                    'options' => ['redeliver_timeout' => 900],
                    'retry_strategy' => ['max_retries' => 3, 'delay' => 30000, 'multiplier' => 2, 'max_delay' => 300000],
                ],
                'failed' => 'doctrine://default?queue_name=failed',
            ],
            'routing' => ['App\Message\SolveLogin' => 'async'],
        ],
    ],
]);

<?php
// src/Message/SolveLogin.php
namespace App\Message;

final class SolveLogin
{
    public readonly string $jobId;

    public function __construct(
        public readonly string $siteUrl,
        public readonly string $username,
    ) {
        // Stays the same across retries: the message is serialized once and re-sent as it is.
        $this->jobId = bin2hex(random_bytes(8));
    }
}

<?php
// src/CapSkipFailure.php
namespace App;

use CapSkip\Exceptions\ApiException;
use CapSkip\Exceptions\CapSkipError;
use CapSkip\Exceptions\ValidationException;
use Symfony\Component\Messenger\Exception\UnrecoverableMessageHandlingException;

final class CapSkipFailure
{
    public static function toMessenger(CapSkipError $e): \Throwable
    {
        // A bad parameter or an API error other than "unsolvable" will fail the same way next time.
        $retry = !$e instanceof ValidationException
            && (!$e instanceof ApiException || str_contains($e->getMessage(), 'ERROR_CAPTCHA_UNSOLVABLE'));

        // A plain exception is retried by the retry strategy, which also decides the delay and the limit.
        return $retry
            ? new \RuntimeException($e->getMessage(), 0, $e)
            : new UnrecoverableMessageHandlingException($e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
    }
}

<?php
// src/MessageHandler/SolveLoginHandler.php
namespace App\MessageHandler;

use App\CapSkipFailure;
use App\Message\SolveLogin;
use CapSkip\CapSkip;
use CapSkip\Exceptions\CapSkipError;
use Dom\HTMLDocument;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Attribute\Autowire;
use Symfony\Component\Messenger\Attribute\AsMessageHandler;
use Symfony\Contracts\HttpClient\HttpClientInterface;

#[AsMessageHandler]
final class SolveLoginHandler
{
    private CapSkip $solver;

    public function __construct(
        private HttpClientInterface $http,
        #[Autowire(env: 'CAPSKIP_HOST')] string $host,
        #[Autowire(env: 'int:CAPSKIP_PORT')] int $port,
        #[Autowire(env: 'CAPSKIP_API_KEY')] string $apiKey,
        #[Autowire(env: 'SITE_PASSWORD')] private string $password,
    ) {
        $this->solver = new CapSkip(['apiKey' => $apiKey, 'host' => $host, 'port' => $port]);
    }

    public function __invoke(SolveLogin $message): void
    {
        $url = $message->siteUrl . '/login';
        $page = $this->http->request('GET', $url);
        $cookie = explode(';', $page->getHeaders()['set-cookie'][0])[0];
        $doc = HTMLDocument::createFromString($page->getContent(), LIBXML_NOERROR);
        $csrf = $doc->querySelector('input[name=csrfmiddlewaretoken]')->getAttribute('value');
        $sitekey = $doc->querySelector('.g-recaptcha')->getAttribute('data-sitekey');

        try {
            $token = $this->solver->recaptcha($sitekey, $url)['code'];
        } catch (CapSkipError $e) {
            throw CapSkipFailure::toMessenger($e);
        }

        $reply = $this->http->request('POST', $url, [
            'headers' => ['Referer' => $url, 'Cookie' => $cookie],
            'body' => ['csrfmiddlewaretoken' => $csrf, 'username' => $message->username,
                'password' => $this->password, 'g-recaptcha-response' => $token],
        ]);
        if ($reply->getStatusCode() >= 400) {
            throw new \RuntimeException('login rejected: ' . $reply->getContent(false));
        }
        // Save the result here (your own code).
    }
}

<?php
// src/Command/SolveLoginCommand.php
namespace App\Command;

use App\Message\SolveLogin;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Attribute\Argument;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Attribute\AsCommand;
use Symfony\Component\Messenger\MessageBusInterface;

#[AsCommand(name: 'app:solve-login', description: 'Queue one SolveLogin message')]
final class SolveLoginCommand
{
    public function __construct(private MessageBusInterface $bus)
    {
    }

    public function __invoke(#[Argument] string $siteUrl, #[Argument] string $username): int
    {
        $this->bus->dispatch(new SolveLogin($siteUrl, $username));

        return 0;
    }
}

php bin/console app:solve-login https://example.com YOUR_USERNAME
php bin/console messenger:consume async -vv --time-limit=3600 --memory-limit=128M

<?php
// src/EventListener/WindowsGracefulStop.php
namespace App\EventListener;

use Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\Attribute\AsEventListener;
use Symfony\Component\Messenger\Event\WorkerStartedEvent;

#[AsEventListener]
final class WindowsGracefulStop
{
    public function __invoke(WorkerStartedEvent $event): void
    {
        // Without pcntl, Ctrl+C kills the process at once. This turns it into "finish the message, then stop".
        if (function_exists('sapi_windows_set_ctrl_handler')) {
            $worker = $event->getWorker();
            sapi_windows_set_ctrl_handler(static fn () => $worker->stop());
        }
    }
}

while ($true) {
    cmd /c "php bin/console messenger:consume async -vv --time-limit=3600 --memory-limit=128M >> var\worker.log 2>&1"
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
}

<?php
// src/JobLedger.php  (SQLite syntax: INSERT OR IGNORE)
namespace App;

use Doctrine\DBAL\Connection;

final class JobLedger
{
    public function __construct(private Connection $db)
    {
        $this->db->executeStatement('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS job_done (job_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY, status INTEGER NOT NULL)');
    }

    public function status(string $jobId): ?int
    {
        $status = $this->db->fetchOne('SELECT status FROM job_done WHERE job_id = ?', [$jobId]);

        return $status === false ? null : (int) $status;
    }

    public function done(string $jobId, int $status): int
    {
        $this->db->executeStatement('INSERT OR IGNORE INTO job_done (job_id, status) VALUES (?, ?)', [$jobId, $status]);

        return $status;
    }
}

<?php
// src/MessageHandler/SolveLoginHandler.php (second version: runs the login once per job)
namespace App\MessageHandler;

use App\CapSkipFailure;
use App\JobLedger;
use App\Message\SolveLogin;
use CapSkip\CapSkip;
use CapSkip\Exceptions\CapSkipError;
use Dom\HTMLDocument;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Attribute\Autowire;
use Symfony\Component\Messenger\Attribute\AsMessageHandler;
use Symfony\Contracts\HttpClient\HttpClientInterface;

#[AsMessageHandler]
final class SolveLoginHandler
{
    private CapSkip $solver;

    public function __construct(
        private HttpClientInterface $http,
        private JobLedger $ledger,
        #[Autowire(env: 'CAPSKIP_HOST')] string $host,
        #[Autowire(env: 'int:CAPSKIP_PORT')] int $port,
        #[Autowire(env: 'CAPSKIP_API_KEY')] string $apiKey,
        #[Autowire(env: 'SITE_PASSWORD')] private string $password,
    ) {
        $this->solver = new CapSkip(['apiKey' => $apiKey, 'host' => $host, 'port' => $port]);
    }

    public function __invoke(SolveLogin $message): void
    {
        // A retry after the POST went through skips the solve and the POST and repeats only the cheap part.
        $status = $this->ledger->status($message->jobId)
            ?? $this->ledger->done($message->jobId, $this->login($message));
        // Save the result here (your own code), using $status.
    }

    private function login(SolveLogin $message): int
    {
        $url = $message->siteUrl . '/login';
        $page = $this->http->request('GET', $url);
        $cookie = explode(';', $page->getHeaders()['set-cookie'][0])[0];
        $doc = HTMLDocument::createFromString($page->getContent(), LIBXML_NOERROR);
        $csrf = $doc->querySelector('input[name=csrfmiddlewaretoken]')->getAttribute('value');
        $sitekey = $doc->querySelector('.g-recaptcha')->getAttribute('data-sitekey');

        try {
            $token = $this->solver->recaptcha($sitekey, $url)['code'];
        } catch (CapSkipError $e) {
            throw CapSkipFailure::toMessenger($e);
        }

        $reply = $this->http->request('POST', $url, [
            'headers' => ['Referer' => $url, 'Cookie' => $cookie],
            'body' => ['csrfmiddlewaretoken' => $csrf, 'username' => $message->username,
                'password' => $this->password, 'g-recaptcha-response' => $token],
        ]);
        if ($reply->getStatusCode() >= 400) {
            throw new \RuntimeException('login rejected: ' . $reply->getContent(false));
        }

        return $reply->getStatusCode();
    }
}